PGF and preeclampsia: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1) play key roles in angiogenesis and neurogenesis (Ruiz de Almodovar et al., 2009; Carmeliet and Ruiz de Almodovar, 2013) and have therefore been extensively studied in preeclampsia.