ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-related translocations are observed in only 2%–5% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), but molecular-targeted therapy to ALK showed highly significant responses that were the same as those observed when targeting BCR-ABL in CML, bringing about a new paradigm of medical research and precision medicine [4,5,6].