NFKB1 and neoplasm: Our recent studies have revealed that IL-32α induced TNFR1-mediated cell death signaling to inhibit tumor development in carcinogen-induced colon tumors, while IL-32β and IL-32γ suppressed tumor growth through the inactivation of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling in xenograft and allograft animal [10–12].