FOXM1 and breast carcinoma: FOXM1b could be SUMOylated at lysine 463, thus promoting breast cancer metastasis.27 FOXM1c, which is predominantly overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, transcriptionally upregulated urokinase‐type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), thus contributing to pancreatic cancer metastasis.28 FOXM1d interacted with and further activated ROCKs, promoting colorectal cancer EMT and metastasis.14 However, few studies have specifically investigated the distribution, abundance and roles of individual FOXM1 isoforms in oesophageal cancer metastasis.