HDAC9 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: We examined the therapeutic efficacy of the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat (LBH589) and pirfenidone head-to-head in cultured primary IPF-fibroblasts (n = 4), and incubated them for 24h with vehicle [0.25% (v/v) DMSO], LBH589 (85 nM) or pirfenidone (2.7 mM, ~ 0.52 mg/mL).