FBN1 and Marfan syndrome: In addition to FBN1, there are other candidate genes functionally related to MFS, such as TGFBR1, TGFBR2, ACTA2, SMAD3, MYH11 and MYLK. Habashi et al. (2006) showed that an aortic aneurysm in a mouse model of MFS is associated with increased TGF-beta signaling and noncanonical (Smad-independent) TGF-beta signaling may be a prominent driver of aortic disease in MFS mice (Holm et al., 2011).