CXXC5 and cancer: Accordingly, CXXC5 mRNA levels have been found significantly downregulated in cells from AML patients with GATA2 mutations.71 In addition, CXXC5 can be silenced by promoter hypermethylation in prostate cancer cells.77 Therefore, epigenetic alterations or transcription factor mutations could contribute to aberrant CXXC5 expression in cancer.