Since we recognized the limitations in interpreting the TMA findings due to the small sample size, we explored further the relationship between TAZ, YAP and TGFβ signalling in vitro using four independently derived canine OSA cell lines: two originating from a primary tumour (OVC-cOSA-75 and OVC-cOSA-78) and two derived from metastatic, secondary tumours (OVC-cOSA-31 and D17). The gene discussed is WWTR1; the disease is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.