In contrast, N2 neutrophils have strong immunosuppressive and tumor-promoting activity, including promotion of tumor angiogenesis, invasion and metastases via various factors, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (28), oncostatin M (6), reactive oxygen species (ROS) (29), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) (29), matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) (30), and neutrophils elastase (NE) (4, 30). The gene discussed is OSM; the disease is neoplasm.