CTHRC1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For example, CTHRC1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels was significantly higher in NSCLC tumor cells than in adjacent noncancerous tissues [27]; increased serum CTHRC1 has been found in NSCLC patients and positively correlated with metastasis [28]; and CTHRC1 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation and motility, and could be a biomarker of poor prognosis for NSCLC patients [27].