INS and hyperuricemia: There are two possible mechanisms for hyperuricemia worsening hyperinsulinemia and aggravating glucose metabolism disturbances: (i) through UA-mediated inhibition of NO generation via several mechanisms [43] (insulin-stimulated release of NO from endothelia mediates glucose uptake into the skeletal muscle); and (ii) through UA-mediated inflammatory and oxidative changes in adipocytes [44].