APOD and Alzheimer disease: ApoD is known to be upregulated in astrocytes during aging (Loerch et al. 2008; de Magalhaes et al. 2009) and in various neurological disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (Thomas et al. 2001; Mahadik et al. 2002), stroke (Rassart et al. 2000), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Terrisse et al. 1998; Belloir et al. 2001; Glockner and Ohm 2003; Bhatia et al. 2013), Parkinson’s disease (PD) (Ordonez et al. 2006), and Niemann-Pick’s C disease (Suresh et al. 1998).