Otherimmunological criteria include: increased anti-Sm antibody levels; highantiphospholipid antibody levels (positive lupus anticoagulant test,false-positive rapid plasma reagin test, moderate to high anticardiolipinantibody levels, and positive anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodytesting); decreased complement levels (C3, C4, CH50); and positive directCoombs test in the absence of hemolytic anemia.(29) Although autoantibodies are required in thediagnosis of SLE, their role in monitoring LN is unclear. Here, C4A is linked to lobular neoplasia.