Furthermore, TGFβ can induce the expression of Wnt family and sonic hedgehog (Shh) ligands in hepatocellular or lung adenocarcinoma cells; the action of Wnt or Shh is critical for the establishment of the EMT in these cancer cells under the influence of TGFβ [63,64]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to lung adenocarcinoma.