INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: TGF‐β1 plays a vital role in regulating the growth and proliferation of pancreatic β cells which are responsible for the insulin secretion.14 Although the distinct role of TGFBR2 and TGFBRAP1 in the TGF‐β1/SMAD signalling pathway had been observed previously,18, 20 no genetic association study was conducted to evaluate the correlation of TGFRB2 and TGFBRAP1 polymorphisms with T2DM.