Since IL-1β and IL-18 release are not a major outcome of caspase-11 activation, the exacerbated inflammatory response observed in sepsis seems to be mainly driven by pyroptosis, probably due to the efflux of DAMPs, such as High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) and IL-1α [Table 1; (145)]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is Sepsis.