INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Obesity has been listed as a major risk factor for PE (Marchi et al., 2015), together with higher waist circumference, blood pressure, insulin, proinsulin, glucose, C-reactive protein and triglycerides levels, and lower HDL cholesterol (Mongraw-Chaffin et al., 2010; Sliwa and Bohm, 2014).