The inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1α are major components of the neuroinflammatory response in PD pathogenesis (Sriram et al., 2006; Godoy et al., 2008; McCoy and Tansey, 2008; De Lella Ezcurra et al., 2010; Harms et al., 2012). The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is Parkinson disease.