LGALS3 and Parkinson disease: In this study we demonstrate that peripheral inflammation induced by a single i.p. injection of LPS sensitizes microglia in the nigrostriatal system in response to MPTP, a well-established model of PD in terms of strong up-regulation of galectin-3, a recently identified microglial disease-associated phenotypic marker (Keren-Shaul et al., 2017; Krasemann et al., 2017; Mathys et al., 2017), and classical pro-inflammatory neurotoxic factors.