In addition, we found Ctsz to co-localize with the lysosomal marker CD68 in structures of up to 4–5 μm in diameter, resembling the vacuole-like structures observed along the processes of Iba1+ microglial cells in the AD brain, lending additional support to Ctsz being involved in the CNS myeloid cell response to Aβ in AD. The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.