TNF and Alzheimer disease: Activated microglia produce inflammatory molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin 1β (IL1β) (Eggen et al., 2013), molecules which have been shown to be increased in AD brains along with multiple other inflammatory molecules (Griffin et al., 1989; Bauer et al., 1991; Tarkowski et al., 2003).