In PD, α-synuclein aggregates accumulate directly on ER (Colla et al., 2012) where they can activate SERCA (Betzer et al., 2018), but they can also bind the ER protein, VAPB (Betzer et al., 2015) thereby disrupting the ER-mitochondria tethering and affecting ATP production (Paillusson et al., 2017). Here, SNCA is linked to Parkinson disease.