RT‐PCR revealed that the expression of mature hepatic genes for proteins involved in biosynthesis (ALB), glycoprotein homeostasis (ASGR2) and metabolic functions (CYP3A7 and CYP3A4) were significantly upregulated in the cells cultured within ICC scaffolds compared with those in 2D (Fig. 5C). The gene discussed is CYP3A4; the disease is intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.