In general, tumors presenting intra-tumoral CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are often classified as “inflamed”, while those featuring peri-tumoral CD8+ CTL localization are collectively named “excluded-infiltrates”.36 The presence of CD8+ CTL has been shown to be associated with response to the checkpoint inhibition by α-PD-1/PD-L1, suggesting the significance of pre-existing CD8+ CTL in tumors.37 Thus, the localization of CD8+ CTL appears to be another determinant of tumor immunity architecture. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.