SHBG and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: As shown in Table 2, We found that higher serum SHBG quartiles were associated with lower odds of NAFLD in all subjects (OR for the highest quartile versus the lowest quartile, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.07–0.11; p <  0.001) after adjusting for age, sex and household income in binary logistic regression.