The first study to examine how this IL-10 property could affect colitis was conducted by Zhang et al. (34) who showed that IL-10-deficient mice exhibited increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity and IL-1β production and that inhibition of this activity in colonic explants with IL-1βR antagonist or with a caspase-1 inhibitor decreased both IL-1β and IL-17 secretion in the explant. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is colitis.