The HRI group also reduced a number of harmful bacteria including Deferribacteraceae and Desulfovibrionaceae. The further decrease in Deferribacteraceae in HRI was largely accounted for reduction of Mucispirillum genus in this study, which is known as mucin degrader and associated with early disruption of the colonic surface mucus layer, prior to the onset of symptomatic colitis (Belzer et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene MUC5AC and colitis.