An increased mRNA and protein expression of activating transcription factor 4, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, calreticulin, X-box-binding protein 1, and immunoglobulin-heavy-chain-binding protein was found in NAWM and demyelinating lesions of MS patients [34, 71, 130, 134, 143, 151]. Here, CALR is linked to myeloid sarcoma.