GPX1 and prostate carcinoma: While most studies have not detected a significant association between GPX1 polymorphisms and the risk of prostate cancer or cancer recurrence [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22], two studies with large sample sizes reported an association between GPX1 polymorphisms and the risk of advanced disease [23,24], while another study reported on the association between a trinucleotide repeat variation in the coding region of GPX1 and young onset prostate cancer [25].