TP53 and cancer: Furthermore, the overexpression of HDACs has been highly associated with critical cancer-related phenomena such as the epigenetic repression of tumor suppressor genes like CDKN1A (encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21) [27,28], and p53 resulting in its decreased transcriptional activity [29], and upregulation of oncogenes such as B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) [30].