TRAF3 activates IKK‐related kinases, such as TANK‐binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and IKKi, along with NEMO, and the transduced signals culminate in interferon (IFN)‐regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation, which translocates into the nucleus after dimerization, inducing expression of type I IFN genes.4, 36 The production of IFNs is the prominent outcome of TLR3 and TLR4 pathways to counter viral infections, which in turn regulated by IRF3. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and viral infectious disease.