In this review, we will discuss: (1) Pathologic and molecular subtypes of RCC; (2) Current landscape of targeted therapy in renal cell carcinoma; (3) Overview of immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma; (4) Predictive immunological biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma; (5) Gene expression as predictive biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma; (6) The current status of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry; (7) MMR-deficiency and mutational load in RCC; and (8) Biomarkers of acquired resistance. Here, CD274 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.