TGFB1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Bioinformatics analysis also indicated pathways modulated by hormones, growth factors, cytokines (estrogen, TGF-β (tumor growth factor), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor)), and associated with the transcription factors that are crucial for T2DM and/or ADG (HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor), p53).