Figure 1 depicts the pathophysiology of T2DM where pancreas dysfunction causes altered/reduced insulin secretion, increased lipolysis and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, low glucose uptake and inappropriate adipokines (i.e., retinol binding protein (RBP)-4, leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,) released by adipose tissues. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus.