The following clinical covariates showed collinearity: (1) body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and weight; (2) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and apolipoprotein B (ApoB); (3) free estradiol and estradiol; (4) testosterone, free androgen index (FAI), sex, and bio-available testosterone; (5) homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting insulin; (6) chronic kidney disease (CKD) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Here, INS is linked to chronic kidney disease.