NOS3 and Hyperglycemia: As a by‐product of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, mtROS are a predominant type of ROS, and overproduction of mtROS contributes to the dysfunction of endothelial cells in diabetic vascular complications.34, 35 In the current study, administration of VLD was demonstrated to decrease the increment of mtROS, and subsequently reverse the decreased NO production induced by hyperglycaemia, which was mediated by upregulated phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1177.