Finally, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, MTT assay, Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining, immunofluorescence, MDC staining, and tumorigenicity assay were performed and the results indicated that miR-384 could promote the apoptosis and autophagy of NSCLC cells by inhibiting COL10A1. The gene discussed is ANXA5; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.