IL6 and infection: During infection of primary human cortical astrocytes, for example, cytomegalovirus induces release of chemoattractant protein-1 and IL-8 [24], while human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces release of IL-6 [25] and Zika virus induces release of CXCL-10, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and RANTES [26].