Moreover, previous studies have indicated that orexin-A can protect cells from apoptosis by regulating FoxO1 and mTORC1 in hepatocytes (28), a finding that is consistent with our finding that inhibition of thestimulation of OX1R can induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells (Figure 4A), indicating that the stimulation of OX1R can promote cell proliferation through inhibiting apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Here, HCRTR1 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.