LCN2 and acute kidney injury: In both groups NGAL increased from baseline to after surgery reaching significantly higher concentrations only in AKI group (No-AKI: pre 145 ± 94 ng/mL, post 166 ± 135 ng/mL, P = 0.08; AKI: pre 125 ± 98 ng/mL, post 241 ± 133 ng/mL, P < 0.001) (Figure 2).