Interestingly, the results suggest that several pathways relating to cancer and TGF-β, WNT, Focal adhesion and NOTCH pathways relating to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor progression were all decreased in ccRCC with high CLDN7 mRNA expression (Additional file 9: Figure S5 and Additional file 10: Table S5). This evidence concerns the gene CLDN7 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.