We enrolled 49 NMOSD patients [25 aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab)–positive, 8 myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab)-positive, and 16 seronegative patients], 12 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and 15 other noninflammatory neurological diseases (OND) patients. This evidence concerns the gene MOG and myeloid sarcoma.