In a previous study based on findings in Daf1−/− mice that have an enhanced immune response and interstitial nephritis, we proposed that fibrosis did not correlate with TGF-β1 levels (Ferrer et al., 2014) and was more related to the degree of interstitial nephritis and the level of Gal-3 (Ferrer et al., 2014). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is fibrosis.