HMOX1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: In this study, we demonstrate that pterostilbene 4′-β-glucoside (4-PG), the glycosylated form of the antioxidant pterostilbene (PTER), can protect against lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa- (P. aeruginosa-) induced ALI when applied as a pretreatment or therapeutic post-treatment, via the induction of HO-1.