Furthermore, the HO-1-inducing compound cobalt-protoporphyrin (Co-PPIX) has been shown to significantly inhibit the expression of the proinflammatory mediators TNF-α and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) induced by LPS in mice and thus alleviate the pathogenesis of ALI [36]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.