Additionally, we previously reported an association between the presence of at least one APOE-ε4 allele at baseline and DR neuropsychological performance among Pr-aMCI, Pss-aMCI, Pr-naMCI, and Pss-naMCI groups (Espinosa et al., 2013); however, the presence of the ε4 allele was only associated with the learning memory function NE for the Pss-aMCI phenotype, that is, for those MCI subjects with memory impairment and comorbidities, such as anxiety, depression, or cerebrovascular disease, that could explain their cognitive deficits. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is cerebrovascular disorder.