Further, we also tested whether Galantamine (a highly potent and selective inhibitor of AChE, approved by the FDA for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease) can also attenuate heroin-induced toxicity, and found that pre-treatment of mice with Galantamine at a dose of 10 or 5 mg/kg (IV or IP) before the heroin injection did not protect any mouse against the acute toxicity of a lethal dose of heroin (25 mg/kg, IV), which is consistent with the concept that BChE, rather than AChE, is the primary heroin-activating enzyme. This evidence concerns the gene ACHE and Alzheimer disease.