In this study, we made a novel observation that RPS27L depletion via siRNA-based silencing in breast cancer cells significantly induced autophagy by following lines of evidence: (1) the appearance of autophagy punctate vesicle structure visualized by EGFP-LC3, (2) the increase of autophagic acidic vesicular organelles stained by acridine orange, (3) increased number of autophagosomes detected by transmission electron microscopy, (4) the conversion of LC3-II from LC3-I, and (5) p62 degradation, measured by western blotting (Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene RPS27L and breast cancer.