A randomized trial introducing in the experimental arm metronomic low-dose chemotherapy, a selective inhibitor of the enzyme steroid-17α-hydroxylase (CYP17A1), which catalysis steps in the testosterone and estrogen biosynthesis, and dual transcriptional modulation with glucocorticoid and pioglitazone is ongoing in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Here, CYP17A1 is linked to prostate cancer.