B. breve was also involved in protective mechanisms against obesity; the orally administration of B. breve B-3 in a mouse model with diet-induced obesity could suppress the increase of body weight and epididymal fat, with improved serum levels of total cholesterol, fasting glucose and insulin and act by regulating gene expression pathways involved in lipid metabolism and response to stress in the liver [84,85]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.