This report describes a randomized open-label parallel-group trial of short-term (over a period of 12 days) intensive hypoglycemic therapy with basal insulin (glargine) plus OHAs, compared with CSII treatment, in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is aimed at assessing the acute effects of these treatment approaches on glycemic control and β-cell function. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.