INS and diabetes mellitus: For the latter, there exists different types of insulin and insulin regimens, but there has not been an overall consensus regarding the most effective or optimal insulin regimen for patients with diabetes mellitus, after the failure of lifestyle measures and oral antidiabetic agents (OAD) to achieve a sustained glycemic control as determined by the glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) target of <7% (5–7).