Indeed, the finding of BRAF V600E and similar alterations as well as high-risk (TERT, TP53) mutations conferred a 100% probability of cancer in this study, in keeping with previous reports.41,42,43 Tumors harboring a BRAF V600E mutation are classic papillary carcinoma with a higher rate of regional lymph node metastasis.3,19 On the contrary, RAS and RAS-like alterations were associated with a spectrum of follicular-pattern thyroid tumors, from pathologically benign adenomas to borderline NIFTP and fully invasive cancers, with a roughly 60% probability of cancer/NIFTP. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.